Who wrote the Canadian national anthem, "O Canada"?

The Canadian national anthem, "O Canada," was primarily composed by Calixa Lavallée, who created the music in 1880. The original French lyrics were written by Adolphe-Basile Routhier. Later, Robert Stanley Weir contributed English lyrics in 1908, which are the version commonly sung today. This collaborative effort is significant; Lavallée's music was well-accepted and became associated with the anthem, while Weir's adaptation ensured that it resonated with English-speaking Canadians. The combination of their contributions solidified "O Canada" as a beloved symbol of Canadian identity and pride. The other options listed are notable Canadian artists, but they are not connected to the writing of the national anthem, making the first choice the correct and relevant one in this context.