Who is known for the theory of relativity?

The theory of relativity, which fundamentally changed our understanding of space, time, and gravity, is attributed to Albert Einstein. He developed two key components of this theory: special relativity, introduced in 1905, which addresses the physics of objects moving at constant velocity, and general relativity, published in 1915, which expands the framework to include acceleration and gravitation. Einstein's work revealed that the laws of physics are the same for all non-accelerating observers and that the speed of light in a vacuum is constant, regardless of the motion of light sources or observers.

This revolutionary perspective not only altered theoretical physics but also had profound implications for understanding the universe's structure, such as concepts of time dilation and the curvature of spacetime. In contrast, the other figures mentioned—Isaac Newton, Niels Bohr, and Galileo Galilei—made significant contributions to their respective fields, notably in classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, and the early study of motion and astronomy. However, none developed a theory analogous to Einstein's relativity that reshaped the fundamentals of physics in the way that he did.